Linganisha mbinu

	Kiwango cha Matumizi Mabaya ya Simu (PSUS)	Kipimo cha Uraibu wa Intaneti (IAT)
Nyanja	Saikolojia ya Kliniki	Saikolojia ya Kliniki
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2017	1998
Mwanzilishi	Zahra Hussain, Mark Griffiths, David Sheffield	Kimberly Young
Aina	Self-report questionnaire	Self-report questionnaire
Chanzo asilia	Hussain, Z., Griffiths, M. D., & Sheffield, D. (2017). An investigation into problematic smartphone use: The role of narcissism, anxiety, and personality factors. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 6(3), 378–386.	Young, K. S. (1998). Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 1(3), 237–244.
Majina mbadala	PSUS, Smartphone Addiction Scale, Mobile Phone Addiction	Internet Addiction Test Young, IAT-20, IAT screening
Zinazohusiana	3	3
Muhtasari	The PSUS is a self-report questionnaire measuring compulsive smartphone use, withdrawal symptoms, and loss of control related to mobile devices. Developed by Hussain, Griffiths, and Sheffield in 2017, it targets the growing phenomenon of smartphone addiction in the digital age. The PSUS captures how smartphone dependence differs from general internet addiction, with particular focus on the constant connectivity and notification-driven engagement of mobile devices. Related instruments include the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS) by Kwon and colleagues, which focuses on adolescents.	The IAT is a 20-item self-report questionnaire designed to measure problematic internet use and internet addiction. Developed by Kimberly Young in 1998, it was one of the first validated screening tools for internet-related compulsive use. The IAT assesses loss of control, salience (preoccupation with internet), withdrawal symptoms, and negative consequences. It remains widely used in research on internet addiction, particularly in adolescents and young adults.