Linganisha mbinu

	Muundo wa ya Vitendo AB	Muundo wa AB
Nyanja	Muundo wa Majaribio	Muundo wa Majaribio
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1968 (AB single-case design); pragmatic framing formalized ~2000s–2010s	1960s
Mwanzilishi	Rooted in applied behavior analysis (Baer, Wolf, Risley, 1968); pragmatic framing developed across clinical and educational single-case research traditions	Murray Sidman; Baer, Wolf & Risley
Aina	Single-case experimental design	Single-subject experimental design
Chanzo asilia	Kazdin, A. E. (2011). Single-Case Research Designs: Methods for Clinical and Applied Settings (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195341881	Sidman, M. (1960). Tactics of Scientific Research: Evaluating Experimental Data in Psychology. Basic Books.
Majina mbadala	pragmatic single-case AB design, real-world AB design, AB phase design, naturalistic AB design	baseline-intervention design, AB single-case design, AB phase design
Zinazohusiana	4	4
Muhtasari	The Pragmatic AB Design is a single-case experimental design that collects repeated measurements of one individual or unit across two consecutive phases: a baseline phase (A) with no intervention, followed by an intervention phase (B). Deployed in real-world, clinically feasible conditions rather than tightly controlled laboratory settings, it is widely used in behavioral health, rehabilitation, education, and applied psychology to generate actionable evidence about individual-level treatment effects.	The AB design is the simplest single-subject experimental design, consisting of two sequential phases: a baseline phase (A) in which the target behavior is observed under natural conditions without intervention, followed by an intervention phase (B) in which the treatment or manipulation is introduced. Changes in the behavior's level, trend, or variability between phases are used to infer the effect of the intervention on the individual participant.