Linganisha mbinu

	Uchambuzi wa Baada ya Ukoloni	Uchanganuzi wa Wigo
Nyanja	Mbinu za Kimaelezo	Utafiti wa Kimaelezo
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	Late 20th century (Said 1978; Spivak 1988; Bhabha 1994)	1989 (Fairclough); 1987 (Potter & Wetherell)
Mwanzilishi	Edward Said, Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, Homi K. Bhabha	Norman Fairclough; Jonathan Potter and Margaret Wetherell
Aina	Qualitative research method	Method
Chanzo asilia	Said, E. W. (1978). Orientalism. Pantheon Books. ISBN: 978-0394428147	Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. Longman.
Majina mbadala	postcolonial criticism, postcolonial theory, colonial discourse analysis, decolonial analysis	DA, Critical Discourse Analysis, Discursive Analysis
Zinazohusiana	6	2
Muhtasari	Postcolonial analysis is a qualitative research approach that critically examines the lasting cultural, political, epistemic, and social effects of colonialism and imperialism. Drawing on foundational works by Edward Said, Gayatri Spivak, and Homi Bhabha, it interrogates how colonial power relations are reproduced in texts, institutions, identities, and knowledge systems — and how colonised or marginalised voices can be recovered, amplified, and centred.	Discourse analysis is a qualitative research methodology that examines how language, communication, and power shape meaning, identity, and social reality. Developed across linguistics, sociology, and psychology (particularly by Norman Fairclough and Jonathan Potter), discourse analysis goes beyond content to analyze language use as a social practice that constitutes and reflects power relations, ideologies, and social structures.