Linganisha mbinu

	Uchanganuzi wa Uwezekano wa Kuishi kwa Idadi ya Watu	Nadharia ya Kimetaboliki ya Ikolojia
Nyanja	Ikolojia	Ikolojia
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1981	2004
Mwanzilishi	Mark Shaffer	James Brown
Aina	extinction risk assessment	metabolic scaling theory
Chanzo asilia	Shaffer, M. L. (1981). Minimum population sizes for species conservation. BioScience, 31(2), 131-134.	Brown, J. H., Gillooly, J. F., Allen, A. P., Savage, V. M., & West, G. B. (2004). Toward a metabolic basis of ecology. Ecology, 85(7), 1771-1789.
Majina mbadala	PVA, extinction risk, minimum viable population, MVP	MTE, metabolic scaling, temperature-size rule, energy allocation
Zinazohusiana	4	4
Muhtasari	Population Viability Analysis (PVA), introduced by Shaffer (1981), estimates the probability that a population will persist over a given time period under specified conditions. PVA combines demographic models (Leslie matrices, IPMs) with stochastic simulation to project population trajectories, quantifying extinction risk. This allows conservation planners to assess whether a population will likely persist, evaluate management scenarios, and estimate the minimum viable population (MVP) size for long-term persistence. PVA is a decision-support tool, not a precise predictor.	The Metabolic Theory of Ecology (MTE), developed by Brown and colleagues (2004), provides a unifying framework linking individual metabolic rate to ecological patterns across levels of organization (organisms, populations, ecosystems). MTE predicts how metabolic rate scales with body size (allometry) and temperature, and uses these scaling relationships to explain patterns in life history, population growth, community structure, and ecosystem dynamics. The theory is grounded in physics: metabolic rate is constrained by supply of resources (energy and nutrients) and demand determined by biochemical kinetics.