Linganisha mbinu

	Uchanganuzi wa Uwezekano wa Kuishi kwa Idadi ya Watu	Jaribio la Kusomeka kwa Jedwali la Maisha
Nyanja	Ikolojia	Ikolojia
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1981	2000
Mwanzilishi	Mark Shaffer	Hal Caswell
Aina	extinction risk assessment	temporal perturbation analysis
Chanzo asilia	Shaffer, M. L. (1981). Minimum population sizes for species conservation. BioScience, 31(2), 131-134.	Caswell, H. (2019). Sensitivity Analysis: Matrix Methods in Demography and Ecology. Springer.
Majina mbadala	PVA, extinction risk, minimum viable population, MVP	LTRE, demographic analysis, vital rate contribution, elasticity analysis
Zinazohusiana	4	4
Muhtasari	Population Viability Analysis (PVA), introduced by Shaffer (1981), estimates the probability that a population will persist over a given time period under specified conditions. PVA combines demographic models (Leslie matrices, IPMs) with stochastic simulation to project population trajectories, quantifying extinction risk. This allows conservation planners to assess whether a population will likely persist, evaluate management scenarios, and estimate the minimum viable population (MVP) size for long-term persistence. PVA is a decision-support tool, not a precise predictor.	Life Table Response Experiments (LTRE) decompose observed temporal changes in population growth rate (lambda) into contributions from changes in specific vital rates (survival, reproduction). Developed by Caswell (2000) and applied extensively by Wisdom and colleagues, LTRE reveals which demographic changes drove observed population dynamics. For example, LTRE can show whether a population's decline was primarily due to reduced survival of juveniles, reduced fecundity of adults, or changes in other life stages. This guides targeted conservation or management.