Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Political Sophistication Measurement× | Political Knowledge Scale× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Saikolojia ya Siasa | Saikolojia ya Siasa |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 1987 | 1993 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Robert C. Luskin & John Zaller | Michael Delli Carpini & Scott Keeter |
| Aina≠ | Composite cognitive index | Factual knowledge battery |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Zaller, J. R. (1992). The nature and origins of mass opinion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 9780521407861 | Delli Carpini, M. X., & Keeter, S. (1993). Measuring political knowledge: Putting first things first. American Journal of Political Science, 37(4), 1179-1206. DOI ↗ |
| Majina mbadala | Political Awareness Index, Political Expertise Measure, Cognitive Sophistication Index | Civic Knowledge Battery, Factual Political Knowledge Index, Delli Carpini-Keeter Knowledge Items |
| Zinazohusiana | 4 | 4 |
| Muhtasari≠ | Political sophistication measurement assesses the size, range, and organization of an individual's political belief system, the degree to which a person's political cognitions are numerous, wide-ranging, and well integrated. Luskin (1987) developed rigorous operationalizations, and Zaller (1992) showed that political awareness, his preferred sophistication indicator, governs how citizens receive and accept political messages. | The Political Knowledge Scale measures the range of factual information about politics that citizens hold and can retrieve, operationalized as a battery of factual quiz items. Delli Carpini and Keeter (1993, 1996) established the canonical short batteries (often five items) and argued that general political knowledge, not domain-specific information, is the most useful and reliable construct for survey research. |
| ScholarGateSeti ya data ↗ |
|
|