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| Point-Biserial Correlation× | Nadharia ya Itikio la Kipengee (IRT)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja≠ | Takwimu | Saikometriki |
| Familia≠ | Hypothesis test | Latent structure |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 1954 | 1952–1968 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Robert F. Tate | Frederic M. Lord (and Allan Birnbaum for the 2PL/3PL models) |
| Aina≠ | Parametric correlation coefficient | Probabilistic measurement model |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Tate, R. F. (1954). Correlation between a discrete and a continuous variable. Point-biserial correlation. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 25(3), 603–607. DOI ↗ | Lord, F. M. & Novick, M. R. (1968). Statistical Theories of Mental Test Scores. Addison-Wesley. link ↗ |
| Majina mbadala≠ | rpb, r_pb, point biserial r, item-total correlation | IRT, latent trait theory, item characteristic curve theory, modern test theory |
| Zinazohusiana≠ | 4 | 5 |
| Muhtasari≠ | The point-biserial correlation coefficient (r_pb) measures the strength and direction of the linear association between one naturally dichotomous variable (coded 0/1) and one continuous variable. It is a special case of the Pearson product-moment correlation formally derived by Tate (1954) in the Annals of Mathematical Statistics and is the standard index used in psychometric item analysis, validity studies, and any research context where a binary grouping variable is related to a continuous outcome. | Item response theory models the probability that a respondent answers an item correctly (or endorses it) as a function of the respondent's latent trait level and the item's own statistical properties — difficulty, discrimination, and guessing. Unlike classical test theory, IRT places persons and items on the same scale, yielding measurement that is sample-independent for items and test-independent for persons. |
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