Linganisha mbinu

	Kiwalrisha cha Afya ya Mgonjwa-9 (PHQ-9)	Kiwango cha Tathmini cha Huzuni cha Montgomery-Åsberg (MADRS)
Nyanja	Saikolojia ya Kliniki	Saikolojia ya Kliniki
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2001	1979
Mwanzilishi	Kurt Kroenke	Stuart Montgomery & Marie Åsberg
Aina	Self-report questionnaire	Clinician-rated interview scale
Chanzo asilia	Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. (2001). The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 16(9), 606–613.	Montgomery, S. A., & Åsberg, M. (1979). A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change. British Journal of Psychiatry, 134, 382–389.
Majina mbadala	PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Module	MADRS, Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale
Zinazohusiana	5	5
Muhtasari	The PHQ-9 is a brief, nine-item self-report questionnaire developed by Kroenke, Spitzer, and Williams to screen for and measure the severity of depressive symptoms. Published in 2001 in the Journal of General Internal Medicine, it has become one of the most widely used depression screening instruments globally. The scale maps directly to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder, making it valuable in both clinical and research settings.	The Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale is a 10-item clinician-rated assessment designed by Stuart Montgomery and Marie Åsberg in 1979 to measure depression severity and track treatment response. Published in the British Journal of Psychiatry, the MADRS was developed as an alternative to longer instruments like the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, emphasizing items most sensitive to treatment change. It has become a primary outcome measure in antidepressant trials and is widely used in both research and clinical practice across psychiatry, primary care, and medical specialty settings.