Linganisha mbinu

	Muundo wa Lami ME	Traffic Flow (LWR Model)
Nyanja	Uhandisi wa Ujenzi	Uhandisi wa Ujenzi
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2008	1955
Mwanzilishi	AASHTO (American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials)	M. J. Lighthill and G. B. Whitham
Aina	Performance-prediction model for asphalt pavement design	Macroscopic traffic flow modeling using conservation laws
Chanzo asilia	AASHTO (2008). Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide: A Manual of Practice. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.	Lighthill, M. J., & Whitham, G. B. (1955). On kinematic waves I. Flow movement in long rivers. Proceedings of the Royal Society A, 229(1178), 281-316.
Majina mbadala	MEPDG, Pavement design, Fatigue and rutting	LWR model, Traffic wave, Kinematic wave theory
Zinazohusiana	3	3
Muhtasari	The Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG or Pavement ME) is a modern method for designing asphalt pavements that predicts performance (rutting, cracking) using mechanistic stress analysis combined with empirical distress models. Developed by AASHTO in 2008 as a successor to the 1993 AASHTO Empirical Guide, this approach provides better accuracy and enables climate-based, site-specific design.	The Lighthill-Whitham-Richards (LWR) model is a macroscopic traffic flow model that treats traffic as a compressible fluid, applying conservation of vehicles and a flow-density relationship. Introduced independently by Lighthill and Whitham (1955) and Richards (1956), the model predicts traffic wave propagation, congestion formation, and bottleneck behavior on highways.