Linganisha mbinu

	Modeli wa Kawaida wa Autoregressive Distributed Lag (Panel NARDL)	Modeli wa Marekebisho ya Hitilafu ya Vekta kwa Data Jumuishi (Panel VECM)
Nyanja	Ekonometriki	Ekonometriki
Familia	Regression model	Regression model
Mwaka wa asili	2014–2018	1987–1995
Mwanzilishi	Shin, Yu & Greenwood-Nimmo (2014), extended to panel settings by subsequent authors	Engle & Granger (1987) for VECM; Holtz-Eakin, Newey & Rosen (1988) for panel VAR extension
Aina	Nonlinear dynamic panel model	Multivariate dynamic panel model
Chanzo asilia	Shin, Y., Yu, B., & Greenwood-Nimmo, M. (2014). Modelling asymmetric cointegration and dynamic multipliers in a nonlinear ARDL framework. In R. C. Sickles & W. C. Horrace (Eds.), Festschrift in Honor of Peter Schmidt (pp. 281–314). Springer.	Engle, R. F., & Granger, C. W. J. (1987). Co-integration and error correction: Representation, estimation, and testing. Econometrica, 55(2), 251–276.
Majina mbadala	Panel Nonlinear ARDL, panel asymmetric ARDL, panel NARDL bounds test, nonlinear panel cointegration model	Panel VECM, panel vector error correction model, PVECM, panel cointegrating VAR
Zinazohusiana	4	5
Muhtasari	Panel NARDL extends the time-series NARDL framework of Shin, Yu and Greenwood-Nimmo (2014) to a panel data setting, allowing researchers to detect asymmetric long-run and short-run relationships between variables across multiple cross-sections simultaneously. By decomposing the regressor into positive and negative partial sums, the model tests whether increases and decreases in an explanatory variable have different effects on the outcome.	Panel VECM combines vector error correction modelling with panel data, simultaneously capturing the long-run cointegrating equilibrium among multiple I(1) variables and their short-run adjustment dynamics across multiple cross-sectional units. It is the standard framework when panel variables share at least one common stochastic trend.