Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Kiwango cha Vipimo vya Hofu ya Maumivu (PASS)× | Kiwango cha Katastrofiki cha Maumivu× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Tiba ya Maumivu | Tiba ya Maumivu |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 1996 | 1995 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Gordon J.G. Asmundson and colleagues | Michael J. Sullivan and Steven R. Bishop |
| Aina≠ | Self-report scale measuring anxiety symptoms in response to pain | Self-report questionnaire measuring catastrophic thinking about pain |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | McWilliams, L.A., Asmundson, G.J., & Gauthier, N. (2006). Pain anxiety symptoms scale: Brief 20-item version (PASS-20). Journal of Pain, 7(7), 479-485. link ↗ | Sullivan, M.J., Bishop, S.R., & Pivik, J. (1995). The Pain Catastrophizing Scale: Development and validation. Psychological Assessment, 7(4), 524-532. DOI ↗ |
| Majina mbadala | PASS, Anxiety Symptoms Scale | PCS, Catastrophizing Scale |
| Zinazohusiana | 4 | 4 |
| Muhtasari≠ | The Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale (PASS) is a 20-item self-report instrument developed by Asmundson and colleagues in 1996 to measure anxiety symptoms specifically related to pain. The PASS captures fear of pain, avoidance behaviors, cognitive anxiety, and physiological anxiety responses that commonly accompany chronic pain and contribute to disability through fear-avoidance mechanisms. | The Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) is a 13-item self-report questionnaire developed by Sullivan, Bishop, and Pivik in 1995 to measure catastrophic thinking about pain—the tendency to magnify pain threat, ruminate about pain, and feel helpless in response to pain. Elevated catastrophizing predicts worse pain outcomes and is a key treatment target in cognitive-behavioral pain management. |
| ScholarGateSeti ya data ↗ |
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