Linganisha mbinu

	Tathmini ya Mgonjwa ya Ubora wa Maisha Kuhusu Kuvimbiwa	Vigezo vya Utambuzi vya Rome IV kwa Ugonjwa wa Utumbo unaowashwawashwa
Nyanja	Gastroenterolojia	Gastroenterolojia
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2005	2016
Mwanzilishi	Marquis, P., De La Loge, C., Dubois, D., et al.	Rome Foundation (multinational expert consensus)
Aina	Self-report	Diagnostic Criteria
Chanzo asilia	Marquis, P., De La Loge, C., Dubois, D., McDermott, A., & Chassany, O. (2005). Development and validation of the Patient Assessment of Constipation-Quality of Life questionnaire. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 40(5), 540–551.	Mearin, F., Lacy, B. E., Chang, L., et al. (2016). Bowel disorders. Gastroenterology. Published online June 2016 by the Rome Foundation.
Majina mbadala	PAC-QoL, PAC-Q	Rome IV IBS, Rome Criteria
Zinazohusiana	4	4
Muhtasari	The Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life (PAC-QoL) is a validated, patient-reported outcome measure designed to assess the impact of functional constipation on physical, psychological, and social well-being. Developed by Marquis and colleagues in 2005, the PAC-QoL comprises 28 items organized into four domains: Physical Discomfort, Psychosocial Discomfort, Worries and Concerns, and Satisfaction. The PAC-QoL is responsive to treatment and widely used in constipation clinical trials and practice.	The Rome IV criteria are the internationally accepted diagnostic standard for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), published in 2016 by the Rome Foundation. These criteria define IBS as recurrent abdominal pain (≥1 day per week for ≥3 months) associated with altered bowel habits, without structural or biochemical abnormalities. IBS is subtyped into four patterns—IBS-constipation predominant (IBS-C), IBS-diarrhea predominant (IBS-D), IBS-mixed (IBS-M), and IBS-unclassified (IBS-U)—based on stool consistency patterns.