Linganisha mbinu

	Uchanganuzi wa Kiwango cha Uthibitisho wa Ordinal	Uchanganuzi wa Kimfumo wa Uhakiki (CFA)
Nyanja	Saikometriki	Saikometriki
Familia	Latent structure	Latent structure
Mwaka wa asili	1984	1969
Mwanzilishi	Bengt O. Muthén	Karl Gustav Jöreskog
Aina	Latent variable / structural	Hypothesis-testing latent variable model
Chanzo asilia	Flora, D. B. & Curran, P. J. (2004). An empirical evaluation of alternative methods of estimation for confirmatory factor analysis with ordinal data. Psychological Methods, 9(4), 466–491.	Jöreskog, K. G. (1969). A general approach to confirmatory maximum likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika, 34(2), 183–202.
Majina mbadala	CFA for ordinal data, polychoric CFA, WLSMV CFA, categorical CFA	CFA, confirmatory FA, measurement model, restricted factor analysis
Zinazohusiana	5	4
Muhtasari	Ordinal confirmatory factor analysis (Ordinal CFA) tests a pre-specified factor structure when the observed indicators are ordinal — typically Likert-type survey items. By using polychoric correlations and robust estimators such as WLSMV, it avoids the bias that arises from treating categorical responses as continuous.	Confirmatory factor analysis tests a researcher-specified factor structure against observed data. Unlike exploratory approaches, the researcher decides in advance which indicators load on which latent factor, and the model is evaluated by how closely the implied covariance matrix reproduces the sample covariance matrix. CFA is central to scale validation, construct validity assessment, and measurement invariance testing.