Linganisha mbinu

	Usampulishaji Lengwa wa Mtandaoni	Uchanganuzi wa Kiwango cha Juu cha Utatanishi
Nyanja	Metodolojia ya Dodoso	Metodolojia ya Dodoso
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1990s–2000s (with growth of internet-based research)	1985 (Lincoln & Guba); elaborated 1990–2002 (Patton)
Mwanzilishi	Adaptation of purposive sampling (Patton, 1987) to online/digital research contexts	Lincoln & Guba; systematised by Michael Quinn Patton
Aina	Non-probability qualitative sampling	Purposive qualitative sampling strategy
Chanzo asilia	Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761919711	Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (3rd ed.). Sage. Chapter 5: Purposeful Sampling. ISBN: 978-0761919711
Majina mbadala	internet-based purposive sampling, web purposive sampling, online criterion-based sampling, digital purposive sampling	maximum variation sampling, maximum diversity sampling, MVS, heterogeneous sampling
Zinazohusiana	3	5
Muhtasari	Online purposive sampling applies the logic of criterion-based participant selection to digital recruitment channels — including social media platforms, online communities, email lists, and research recruitment websites. Researchers intentionally seek individuals who possess the characteristics, experiences, or expertise directly relevant to the research question, using internet-based tools to locate and screen them. The method preserves the defining feature of purposive sampling — deliberate selection based on fitness for purpose — while leveraging the reach and accessibility of online environments.	Maximum variation sampling is a purposive qualitative sampling strategy in which the researcher deliberately selects cases that span the widest possible range of variation on dimensions central to the study. The goal is not statistical representation but the identification of common patterns that cut across diverse cases as well as the documentation of the unique ways each context shapes the phenomenon under investigation.