Linganisha mbinu

	Kiwango cha Ukosefu wa Kujizuia Mtandaoni	Kiwango cha Technoference
Nyanja	Saikolojia ya Mitandao ya Kijamii	Saikolojia ya Mitandao ya Kijamii
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2004	2016
Mwanzilishi	John Suler	Brandon T. McDaniel and Sarah M. Coyne
Aina	Self-report	Self-report
Chanzo asilia	Suler, J. (2004). The online disinhibition effect. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 7(3), 321–326.	McDaniel, B. T., & Coyne, S. M. (2016). Technology interference in the context of romantic relationships. In R. E. Ackerman (Ed.), The psychology of social networking (Vol. 1, pp. 86–102). Nova Publishers.
Majina mbadala	ODES, Disinhibition Effect	Technoference, Phone Interference
Zinazohusiana	4	4
Muhtasari	The Online Disinhibition Effect Scale measures the tendency for individuals to express themselves less inhibitedly online compared to face-to-face contexts, exhibiting increased aggression, profanity, emotional expression, and self-disclosure in digital environments. Developed by John Suler in 2004, this construct explains a core phenomenon of internet behavior: the reduced social constraint and increased behavioral extremity that characterize many online interactions.	The Technoference Scale measures the degree to which smartphone and technology use interferes with interpersonal relationships, particularly in romantic partnerships, families, and close relationships. Developed by McDaniel and Coyne in the mid-2010s, this construct captures a modern phenomenon where digital devices create physical or psychological distance during face-to-face interaction, reducing relationship quality and satisfaction.