Linganisha mbinu

	Kiwango cha Ukosefu wa Kujizuia Mtandaoni	Kiwango cha Matatizo ya Mitandao ya Kijamii
Nyanja	Saikolojia ya Mitandao ya Kijamii	Saikolojia ya Mitandao ya Kijamii
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2004	2016
Mwanzilishi	John Suler	Roos J. J. M. van den Eijnden, Jeroen S. Lemmens, and Patti M. Valkenburg
Aina	Self-report	Self-report
Chanzo asilia	Suler, J. (2004). The online disinhibition effect. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 7(3), 321–326.	van den Eijnden, R. J. J. M., Lemmens, J. S., & Valkenburg, P. M. (2016). The social media disorder scale. Computers in Human Behavior, 61, 481–490.
Majina mbadala	ODES, Disinhibition Effect	SMD Scale
Zinazohusiana	4	4
Muhtasari	The Online Disinhibition Effect Scale measures the tendency for individuals to express themselves less inhibitedly online compared to face-to-face contexts, exhibiting increased aggression, profanity, emotional expression, and self-disclosure in digital environments. Developed by John Suler in 2004, this construct explains a core phenomenon of internet behavior: the reduced social constraint and increased behavioral extremity that characterize many online interactions.	The Social Media Disorder Scale (SMD Scale) is a 9-item self-report measure developed by van den Eijnden and colleagues in 2016 to assess problematic social media use characterized by loss of control, withdrawal, tolerance, and conflict—mirroring criteria from behavioral addiction frameworks. It identifies individuals whose engagement with social media platforms has reached clinically concerning levels that interfere with daily functioning.