Linganisha mbinu

	Kugundua Ukanushaji	Utambuzi wa Majina ya Entiti (NER)
Nyanja	Uchimbaji wa Matini	Uchimbaji wa Matini
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2001 (NegEx); scope learning formalised by 2009	—
Mwanzilishi	Chapman et al. (NegEx algorithm, 2001); Morante & Daelemans (scope learning, 2009)	—
Aina	NLP information-extraction task	NLP sequence-labelling task
Chanzo asilia	Chapman, W.W., Bridewell, W., Hanbury, P., Cooper, G.F., & Buchanan, B.G. (2001). A Simple Algorithm for Identifying Negated Findings and Diseases in Discharge Summaries. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 8(6), 606-614.	Nadeau, D. & Sekine, S. (2007). A survey of named entity recognition. Lingvisticae Investigationes.
Majina mbadala	negation scope identification, negation cue detection, Olumsuzlama Tespiti (Negation Detection)	NER, entity tagging, Adlandırılmış Varlık Tanıma (NER)
Zinazohusiana	6	3
Muhtasari	Negation detection is a natural-language-processing task that locates negation cues in text — words or phrases such as 'no', 'not', 'without', or 'denies' — and determines the span of text (the scope) whose meaning those cues invert. Formalised for clinical text by Chapman et al. (2001) with the NegEx algorithm and extended to scope learning in biomedical literature by Morante and Daelemans (2009), the method is essential wherever the difference between a finding being present and its being explicitly ruled out carries real consequences.	Named entity recognition (NER) is a natural-language-processing task that automatically detects and labels entities in text — such as people, organisations, locations, and dates. Surveyed by Nadeau and Sekine (2007) and later advanced with neural architectures by Lample et al. (2016), it turns free-running text into tagged spans that downstream tools can use.