Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Need for Closure Scale× | Authoritarian Dynamic Measurement× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Saikolojia ya Siasa | Saikolojia ya Siasa |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 1994 | 2005 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Donna M. Webster & Arie W. Kruglanski | Karen Stenner & Stanley Feldman |
| Aina≠ | Self-report individual-difference scale | Self-report predisposition measure |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Webster, D. M., & Kruglanski, A. W. (1994). Individual differences in need for cognitive closure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(6), 1049-1062. DOI ↗ | Stenner, K. (2005). The authoritarian dynamic. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 9780521534789 |
| Majina mbadala | NFCS, Need for Cognitive Closure Scale, Webster-Kruglanski Scale | Child-Rearing Authoritarianism Scale, Stenner Authoritarianism Measure, Authoritarian Predisposition Scale |
| Zinazohusiana | 4 | 4 |
| Muhtasari≠ | The Need for Cognitive Closure Scale, developed by Webster and Kruglanski (1994), measures a stable individual difference in the desire for a firm, definite answer to a question and an aversion to ambiguity and uncertainty. High need for closure is a key epistemic-motivation construct in political psychology, linked to conservatism, prejudice, intolerance of dissent, and resistance to belief change. | The authoritarian-dynamic approach, developed by Stenner (2005) and Feldman (2003), measures authoritarianism as a latent predisposition toward favoring social conformity and order over individual autonomy and difference, typically assessed with four forced-choice child-rearing values items rather than attitude statements. Its distinctive claim is that intolerance is a dynamic product of this predisposition interacting with perceived normative threat. |
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