Linganisha mbinu

	Nationalism and Patriotism Scale	Kiwango cha Utambulisho wa Kitaifa
Nyanja	Saikolojia ya Siasa	Saikolojia ya Siasa
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1989	1989
Mwanzilishi	Rick Kosterman & Seymour Feshbach	Richard Kosterman & Seymour Feshbach
Aina	Self-report attitude scale	Self-report
Chanzo asilia	Kosterman, R., & Feshbach, S. (1989). Toward a measure of patriotic and nationalistic attitudes. Political Psychology, 10(2), 257-274.	Kosterman, R., & Feshbach, S. (1989). Toward a measure of patriotic and nationalistic attitudes. Political Psychology, 10(2), 257-274.
Majina mbadala	Patriotism-Nationalism Scale, Kosterman-Feshbach Scale, Blind and Constructive Patriotism Scale	NIS, National Attachment Scale, Patriotism Scale
Zinazohusiana	4	3
Muhtasari	The Nationalism and Patriotism Scale, introduced by Kosterman and Feshbach (1989), distinguishes patriotism (love of and attachment to one's nation) from nationalism (belief in national superiority and a desire for dominance over other nations). It established that national attachment is not a single attitude but a set of separable dimensions, a distinction later extended by Schatz, Staub and Lavine (1999) into blind versus constructive patriotism.	The National Identity Scale measures the strength and character of individuals' identification with their nation, including attachment to national symbols, pride in national achievements, and sense of belonging to the national community. Developed by Kosterman and Feshbach (1989), it distinguishes patriotism (pride in national accomplishments, willingness to serve) from nationalism (belief in national superiority, willingness to act against outsiders). The measure has become essential in comparative politics, examining how national identity shapes political behavior, attitudes toward immigration, support for international cooperation, and electoral choices.