Linganisha mbinu

	Utafiti wa Kisa Kimoja cha Msingi wa Kesi Nyingi	Utafiti wa Kimaadili
Nyanja	Mbinu za Kimaelezo	Mbinu za Kimaelezo
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1984 (Yin first edition); 1995 (Stake)	c. 1922 (Malinowski's Argonauts of the Western Pacific)
Mwanzilishi	Robert K. Yin (embedded case design); Robert E. Stake (case study methodology)	Bronisław Malinowski (modern ethnography); rooted in 19th-century anthropology
Aina	Qualitative case study design	Qualitative fieldwork tradition
Chanzo asilia	Yin, R. K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506336169	Hammersley, M. & Atkinson, P. (2019). Ethnography: Principles in Practice (4th ed.). Routledge. ISBN: 978-1138504462
Majina mbadala	embedded single-case study, single-case embedded design, holistic embedded case study, single case with multiple units of analysis	Etnografi, participant observation, fieldwork, ethnographic research
Zinazohusiana	6	5
Muhtasari	A multiple case-based single case study — also called an embedded single-case design — is a qualitative strategy in which a researcher investigates one bounded case (the primary unit of analysis) by systematically examining multiple embedded sub-units within it. Rather than studying several separate cases for comparison, the design focuses all analytical attention on one overarching case while using variation across its internal sub-units to build a richer, more robust understanding of that single case.	Ethnography is a qualitative research tradition in which a researcher immerses themselves in a social group or community over an extended period — typically three to six months or longer — to study its culture, values, and behaviours in their natural setting. Originating in social and cultural anthropology, and consolidated as a rigorous method by Bronisław Malinowski in the early twentieth century, ethnography produces rich, contextualised accounts of how people live, work, and make meaning together.