Linganisha mbinu

	Uchambuzi Semiotiki wa Kesi Nyingi	Uchanganuzi wa Kisayansi
Nyanja	Mbinu za Kimaelezo	Mbinu za Kimaelezo
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1980s–1990s (consolidation in communication and marketing research)	Late 19th–early 20th century (Saussure ~1906–1911; Peirce ~1867–1914); systematic application in social research from the 1960s
Mwanzilishi	Synthesised from Peircean/Saussurean semiotics and Yin's multiple case study logic; Floch (1990) is a key applied exemplar	Ferdinand de Saussure (structural semiology); Charles Sanders Peirce (semiotic triads); Roland Barthes (applied cultural semiotics)
Aina	Qualitative comparative research design	Qualitative research method
Chanzo asilia	Floch, J.-M. (1990). Semiotique, marketing et communication: sous les signes, les strategies. Presses Universitaires de France. [English translation: Semiotics, Marketing and Communication, Palgrave Macmillan, 2001.] ISBN: 978-0333776858	Barthes, R. (1967). Elements of Semiology (trans. A. Lavers & C. Smith). Hill and Wang.
Majina mbadala	multi-case semiotic analysis, comparative semiotic case study, cross-case semiotic inquiry, MCSA	semiotics, sign analysis, structural semiotics, semiological analysis
Zinazohusiana	5	6
Muhtasari	Multiple case-based semiotic analysis is a qualitative research design that applies semiotic frameworks — the systematic study of signs, codes, and meaning-making — across two or more purposively selected cases. By combining the comparative logic of multiple case study research with the interpretive tools of semiotics (structural, Peircean, or Greimasian), it enables researchers to uncover how meaning is constructed and varied across distinct cultural, organisational, or communicative contexts.	Semiotic analysis is a qualitative method for interpreting how signs — words, images, sounds, gestures, and objects — produce and communicate meaning within a cultural context. Drawing on the structural linguistics of Ferdinand de Saussure and the triadic sign theory of Charles Sanders Peirce, and popularised as a research tool by Roland Barthes, semiotics moves beyond surface denotation to expose the connotative and ideological meanings embedded in texts and visual culture.