Linganisha mbinu

	Kiwango cha Matukio ya Kiadili ya Majeraha (MIES)	Kipimo cha Urejeleaji Baada ya Kuondoka Kijeshi
Nyanja	Saikolojia ya Kijeshi	Saikolojia ya Kijeshi
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2013	2010
Mwanzilishi	Nash, Marino Carper, Mills, Au, Goldsmith, & Litz	Sayer, Noorbaloochi, Frazier, & colleagues
Aina	Self-report	Self-report
Chanzo asilia	Nash, W. P., Marino Carper, T. L., Mills, M. A., Au, T. A., Goldsmith, A. A., & Litz, B. T. (2013). Psychometric evaluation of the Moral Injury Events Scale. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 20(3), 249-263.	Mobbs, M. C., Bonanno, G. A., & Bonanno, M. L. (2006). Beyond the myth of resilience: A prospective study of resilience and adjustment following military separation. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 2(1), 68-82.
Majina mbadala	MIES	PDRS, Post-Deployment Reintegration
Zinazohusiana	4	4
Muhtasari	The MIES is a 9-item self-report measure assessing exposure to morally injurious events in military personnel. Developed by Nash and colleagues in 2013, it captures three dimensions: perpetration (committing acts that violate personal values), betrayal (witnessing leaders/unit members violate moral standards), and observed moral violations. The MIES measures moral injury burden distinct from PTSD and is increasingly used in veteran mental health screening and treatment.	The Post-Deployment Reintegration Scale measures multidimensional adjustment difficulties experienced by service members transitioning from military to civilian life. Developed by Sayer, Noorbaloochi, and colleagues in 2010, it assesses challenges across employment, family relationships, social reintegration, identity development, and health domains. It is widely used in VA clinical settings, military transition programs, and research examining post-deployment adjustment outcomes and predictors of successful reintegration.