Linganisha mbinu

	Modulus ya Kuvunjika na Elasticity	Mvuto wa Mbao
Nyanja	Sayansi ya Misitu	Sayansi ya Misitu
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1950	1950
Mwanzilishi	ASTM International	Carl Skaar
Aina	mechanical test	moisture response test
Chanzo asilia	ASTM D143-19. (2019). Standard test methods for small clear specimens of timber. ASTM International.	ASTM D143-19. (2019). Standard test methods for small clear specimens of timber. ASTM International.
Majina mbadala	MOR, MOE, bending strength	dimensional change, anisotropic shrinkage
Zinazohusiana	3	2
Muhtasari	The Modulus of Rupture (MOR) and Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) are standardized measures of wood mechanical properties determined through static bending tests. MOR quantifies the maximum bending stress wood can withstand before failure; MOE measures stiffness (resistance to bending). These are fundamental properties used for wood grading, structural design, and assessment of wood quality and species suitability for applications requiring strength or stiffness.	Wood shrinkage is the dimensional change that occurs as wood loses moisture from green (freshly felled) to oven-dry condition. Wood shrinks anisotropically: tangentially (along growth rings) more than radially (from center to edge), and both more than longitudinally (along the grain). Measuring shrinkage percentages is essential for understanding wood drying behavior, predicting checking and warping, and selecting materials for applications sensitive to dimensional change (flooring, cabinetry, musical instruments).