Linganisha mbinu

	Uchanganuzi wa Modularity	Ukalimani Kati
Nyanja	Uchanganuzi wa Mitandao	Uchanganuzi wa Mitandao
Familia	Machine learning	Machine learning
Mwaka wa asili	2004	1977
Mwanzilishi	Newman, M. E. J. & Girvan, M.	Freeman, L. C.
Aina	Community detection / graph partitioning	Centrality measure
Chanzo asilia	Newman, M. E. J., & Girvan, M. (2004). Finding and evaluating community structure in networks. Physical Review E, 69(2), 026113.	Freeman, L. C. (1977). A set of measures of centrality based on betweenness. Sociometry, 40(1), 35–41.
Majina mbadala	Q-modularity, community structure detection, network modularity optimization, graph partitioning by modularity	Freeman betweenness, BC, geodesic betweenness, shortest-path betweenness
Zinazohusiana	5	6
Muhtasari	Modularity analysis is a network science method, formalized by Newman and Girvan in 2004, that detects community structure in graphs by measuring whether edges are more concentrated within groups than expected by chance. Its scalar quality index Q guides algorithms that partition nodes into cohesive clusters, making it the most widely adopted framework for community detection in social, biological, and technological networks.	Betweenness centrality, formalized by Linton C. Freeman in 1977, measures how often a node lies on the shortest path connecting every other pair of nodes in a network. High-betweenness nodes act as bridges or brokers: removing them fragments the network into disconnected components more severely than removing any other nodes.