Linganisha mbinu

	Maswali ya Uelewa wa Vyombo vya Habari	Kiwango cha Kulinganisha Jamii (Mazingira ya Mtandaoni)
Nyanja	Saikolojia ya Mitandao ya Kijamii	Saikolojia ya Mitandao ya Kijamii
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2018	2015
Mwanzilishi	Rachel Wilson, Susan Luo, Yoong Wan Cheong, and Stella Tan	Various researchers (Vogel, Wang, Suls & Wheeler)
Aina	Self-report	Self-report
Chanzo asilia	Wilson, R., Luo, S., Cheong, Y. W., & Tan, S. H. (2018). The development of a media literacy questionnaire in the social media context. Asian Journal of Communication, 28(4), 426–444.	Wang, J. L., Wang, H. Z., Gaskin, J., & Wang, S. (2015). The role of stress and motivation in social networking sites adoption: From a perspective of uses and gratifications theory. Computers in Human Behavior, 48, 24–32.
Majina mbadala	MLQ, Media Literacy Assessment	USCS, Social Comparison Orientation Online
Zinazohusiana	4	4
Muhtasari	The Media Literacy Questionnaire is a self-report instrument that assesses individuals' critical abilities regarding digital media: evaluating source credibility, identifying misinformation, recognizing advertising and algorithmic influence, and understanding media ownership and bias. Developed by Wilson and colleagues in 2018, it measures the cognitive and critical skills essential for navigating contemporary media environments effectively.	The Social Comparison Scale for online contexts measures the frequency and intensity with which individuals compare themselves to peers on social media platforms, with emphasis on upward comparison (to those perceived as superior in attractiveness, success, wealth). Developed and refined by researchers including Vogel and Wang in the 2010s, this scale specifically captures social media-driven comparison processes distinct from general social comparison orientation.