Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Maswali ya Uelewa wa Vyombo vya Habari× | Kiwango cha Ukosefu wa Kujizuia Mtandaoni× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Saikolojia ya Mitandao ya Kijamii | Saikolojia ya Mitandao ya Kijamii |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 2018 | 2004 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Rachel Wilson, Susan Luo, Yoong Wan Cheong, and Stella Tan | John Suler |
| Aina | Self-report | Self-report |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Wilson, R., Luo, S., Cheong, Y. W., & Tan, S. H. (2018). The development of a media literacy questionnaire in the social media context. Asian Journal of Communication, 28(4), 426–444. link ↗ | Suler, J. (2004). The online disinhibition effect. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 7(3), 321–326. DOI ↗ |
| Majina mbadala | MLQ, Media Literacy Assessment | ODES, Disinhibition Effect |
| Zinazohusiana | 4 | 4 |
| Muhtasari≠ | The Media Literacy Questionnaire is a self-report instrument that assesses individuals' critical abilities regarding digital media: evaluating source credibility, identifying misinformation, recognizing advertising and algorithmic influence, and understanding media ownership and bias. Developed by Wilson and colleagues in 2018, it measures the cognitive and critical skills essential for navigating contemporary media environments effectively. | The Online Disinhibition Effect Scale measures the tendency for individuals to express themselves less inhibitedly online compared to face-to-face contexts, exhibiting increased aggression, profanity, emotional expression, and self-disclosure in digital environments. Developed by John Suler in 2004, this construct explains a core phenomenon of internet behavior: the reduced social constraint and increased behavioral extremity that characterize many online interactions. |
| ScholarGateSeti ya data ↗ |
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