Linganisha mbinu

	Utafiti wa Kesi Nyingi za Muda Mrefu	Utafiti wa kifani
Nyanja	Mbinu za Kimaelezo	Mbinu za Kimaelezo
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1980s–2000s (Yin's multiple-case framework c. 1984; longitudinal qualitative elaboration c. 2003)	1984 (seminal codification)
Mwanzilishi	Robert K. Yin (multiple case design); Johnny Saldana (longitudinal qualitative methods)	Robert K. Yin (systematised in Case Study Research, 1984)
Aina	Qualitative longitudinal research design	Qualitative research design
Chanzo asilia	Yin, R. K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506336169	Yin, R.K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506336169
Majina mbadala	longitudinal multi-case study, repeated multiple case study, panel case study, multi-site longitudinal case study	Vaka Çalışması (Case Study), case study design, case study methodology
Zinazohusiana	6	5
Muhtasari	Longitudinal multiple case study is a qualitative research design that examines two or more bounded cases through repeated data-collection waves over an extended period. By tracking each case across time and comparing patterns across cases, researchers can document how phenomena change, stabilise, or diverge — generating both depth within each site and breadth across sites that neither a single case nor a one-shot survey can provide.	Case study research is a qualitative research design that investigates a specific phenomenon, individual, group, organisation, or event in depth within its real-world context. Systematised by Robert K. Yin in 1984, it supports single-case and multiple-case designs and draws on multiple data sources — interviews, observation, documents, and artefacts — to build a rich, contextualised account of a bounded unit.