Linganisha mbinu

	Uchanganuzi wa Lugha wa Ki-Ethnografi (Linguistic Ethnography)	Linguistiki ya Kongamashina	Uchanganuzi wa Wigo
Nyanja	Isimu	Isimu	Utafiti wa Kimaelezo
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1998	1980	1989 (Fairclough); 1987 (Potter & Wetherell)
Mwanzilishi	Ben Rampton	John Sinclair	Norman Fairclough; Jonathan Potter and Margaret Wetherell
Aina	Empirical process pipeline	Empirical process pipeline	Method
Chanzo asilia	Rampton, B. (2007). Neo-Hymesian linguistic ethnography in the United Kingdom. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 11(5), 584-607.	Sinclair, J. M. (1991). Corpus, Concordance, Collocation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.	Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. Longman.
Majina mbadala	Ethnographic Linguistics, Sociolinguistic Ethnography	Corpus Analysis, Corpora Studies	DA, Critical Discourse Analysis, Discursive Analysis
Zinazohusiana	2	1	2
Muhtasari	Linguistic Ethnography is a qualitative research approach combining ethnographic fieldwork with detailed linguistic analysis to understand language use in cultural context. Developed by researchers like Ben Rampton, it examines how people use language within communities, institutions, and social interactions while paying attention to identity, power, and meaning-making. This method integrates sociolinguistics, anthropology, and discourse analysis to produce rich, contextualized understandings of language-in-society.	Corpus Linguistics is the study of language based on large, representative collections of texts (corpora) processed by computer. Pioneered by John Sinclair and others, the method uses statistical analysis, concordancing, and computational tools to examine patterns of actual language use. Corpus linguistics has transformed our understanding of English and other languages, revealing frequency patterns, collocation preferences, and register variation that were previously hidden. It serves theoretical linguistics, applied language teaching, and natural language processing.	Discourse analysis is a qualitative research methodology that examines how language, communication, and power shape meaning, identity, and social reality. Developed across linguistics, sociology, and psychology (particularly by Norman Fairclough and Jonathan Potter), discourse analysis goes beyond content to analyze language use as a social practice that constitutes and reflects power relations, ideologies, and social structures.