Linganisha mbinu

	Upangaji wa Kiotamateja wa Laini	Mizani ya Bark na Mel
Nyanja	Akustika	Akustika
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1975	1937
Mwanzilishi	Freddy Burg, John Makhoul	Eberhard Zwicker, Stanley Smith Stevens
Aina	Predictive speech coding and analysis	Perceptual frequency mapping
Chanzo asilia	Makhoul, J. (1975). Linear prediction: A tutorial review. Proceedings of the IEEE, 63(4), 561–580.	Zwicker, E. (1961). Subdivision of the audible frequency range into critical bands. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 33(2), 248–248.
Majina mbadala	LPC, autoregressive model, speech prediction, vocal tract modeling	bark scale, mel scale, critical bandwidth, perceptual frequency
Zinazohusiana	5	5
Muhtasari	Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) is a powerful signal processing technique for modeling and compressing speech by assuming each speech sample can be predicted from a linear combination of previous samples. Pioneered by Burg and Makhoul in the 1970s, LPC is the foundation of speech codecs, speech synthesis, speaker recognition, and speech enhancement. LPC exploits the time-correlated structure of speech to achieve high compression ratios and enable efficient parameter extraction.	Bark and Mel scales are perceptual frequency scales that map physical frequency (Hz) to perceived pitch and auditory perception. Formalized by Zwicker (Bark, 1961) and Stevens (Mel, 1937), these non-linear scales reflect how the human ear processes sound. Bark scale divides hearing into 24 critical bands; Mel scale models pitch perception. Both are essential for audio feature extraction, speech processing, and designing audio systems that align with human hearing.