Linganisha mbinu

	Orodha ya Matukio ya Maisha kwa ajili ya DSM-5 (LEC-5)	Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI)
Nyanja	Saikolojia ya Trauma	Saikolojia ya Trauma
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2013	1996
Mwanzilishi	Frank W. Weathers et al.	Richard G. Tedeschi & Lawrence G. Calhoun
Aina	Self-report checklist	Self-report questionnaire
Chanzo asilia	Weathers, F. W., Blake, D. D., Schnurr, P. P., Kaloupek, D. G., Marx, B. P., & Keane, T. M. (2013). The Life Events Checklist for DSM-5 (LEC-5). National Center for PTSD. Available from: www.ptsd.va.gov	Tedeschi, R. G., & Calhoun, L. G. (1996). The Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory: Measuring the positive legacy of trauma. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 9(3), 455-471.
Majina mbadala	LEC-5, Life Events Checklist	PTGI, Tedeschi and Calhoun PTGI
Zinazohusiana	3	3
Muhtasari	The LEC-5 is a 17-item self-report checklist assessing exposure to stressful life events that may result in PTSD or trauma-related mental health problems. Developed by Weathers and colleagues at the National Center for PTSD in 2013, the LEC-5 identifies which types of traumatic events a person has experienced, determining the presence of a qualifying trauma exposure according to DSM-5 Criterion A. The scale is widely used in PTSD research, clinical assessment, and disaster mental health screening.	The PTGI is a 21-item self-report scale measuring positive psychological outcomes and personal growth reported after trauma exposure. Developed by Tedeschi and Calhoun in 1996, the PTGI operationalizes the construct of posttraumatic growth (PTG)—the experience of positive life change accompanying psychological struggle with trauma. Unlike scales measuring psychopathology or symptom severity, the PTGI captures meaningful psychological and existential shifts often reported by trauma survivors, including enhanced relationships, increased personal strength, spiritual change, and life appreciation.