Linganisha mbinu

	Uchanganuzi wa Vizimba vya Uunganishaji	Uchanganuzi wa Mchanganyiko
Nyanja	Jenetiki	Jenetiki
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2002	2009
Mwanzilishi	Shaun Gabriel & Eric Lander	David Alexander & Jonathan Novembre
Aina	Haplotype analysis method	Clustering and inference method
Chanzo asilia	Gabriel, S. B., Schaffner, S. F., Nguyen, H., Moore, J. M., Roy, J., Blumenstiel, B., & Lander, E. S. (2002). The structure of haplotype blocks in the human genome. Science, 296(5576), 2225–2229.	Alexander, D. H., Novembre, J., & Lange, K. (2009). Fast model-based estimation of ancestry in unrelated individuals. Genome Research, 19(9), 1655–1664.
Majina mbadala	Haplotype block analysis, LD mapping, Block structure analysis	Population structure inference, Ancestry analysis, ADMIXTURE
Zinazohusiana	5	4
Muhtasari	Linkage disequilibrium (LD) block analysis is a genomic method that partitions the human genome into distinct haplotype blocks—regions of limited recombination where variants are in strong statistical association. First systematically described by Gabriel and colleagues in 2002, this approach reveals the underlying structure of genetic variation and enables efficient genomic studies by reducing the number of variants needed to capture common diversity. LD block analysis forms the foundation of genome-wide association study (GWAS) design and modern population genetics.	Admixture analysis is a population genetics method that infers population structure and individual ancestry from multilocus genotype data. Originally developed by Pritchard, Stephens, and Donnelly (2000) and refined by Alexander, Novembre, and Lange (2009), admixture analysis reveals how genetic variation is distributed among populations and estimates the ancestry fractions of admixed individuals. This technique is essential for understanding human evolutionary history, detecting population stratification in genetic studies, and inferring individual ancestry.