Linganisha mbinu

	Uhalifu wa msingi wa latisi	Kificho-baada-ya-kwanta (Kyber)	Mfumo wa Usimbaji fiche wa RSA
Nyanja	Kriptografia	Kriptografia	Kriptografia
Familia	Machine learning	Machine learning	Machine learning
Mwaka wa asili	1996	2022	1978
Mwanzilishi	Miklós Ajtai	NIST PQC Standardization Project	Ronald Rivest
Aina	public-key cryptosystem based on lattice hardness	post-quantum key encapsulation mechanism	asymmetric encryption algorithm
Chanzo asilia	Ajtai, M. (1996). Generating hard instances of the short basis problem. In Proceedings of the 28th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, pp. 99-108.	Avanzi, R., Bos, J., Ducas, L., & Kiltz, E. (2022). CRYSTALS-Kyber algorithm specification and supporting documentation. NIST Post-Quantum Cryptography Project.	Rivest, R. L., Shamir, A., & Adleman, L. (1978). A method for obtaining digital signatures and public-key cryptosystems. Communications of the ACM, 21(2), 120-126.
Majina mbadala	lattice cryptography, post-quantum lattice cryptography	PQC, quantum-resistant cryptography, quantum-safe	RSA encryption, RSA public-key cryptography
Zinazohusiana	3	3	4
Muhtasari	Lattice-based cryptography is a class of cryptosystems whose security is derived from the computational hardness of lattice problems, particularly the shortest vector problem (SVP) and learning with errors (LWE). First proposed by Miklós Ajtai in 1996, lattice-based approaches have gained prominence as the leading candidates for post-quantum cryptography. Unlike RSA and ECC, which are vulnerable to quantum computers, lattice problems are believed to remain hard even against quantum algorithms.	Post-quantum cryptography comprises cryptographic algorithms believed to be secure against both classical and quantum computers. In 2022, NIST standardized post-quantum algorithms including ML-KEM (CRYSTALS-Kyber) for key encapsulation and ML-DSA (CRYSTALS-Dilithium) for signatures. Post-quantum cryptography is essential for systems requiring long-term confidentiality, as adversaries may record encrypted communications today and decrypt them once quantum computers become available.	RSA is a foundational public-key cryptosystem developed by Rivest, Shamir, and Adleman in 1978. It enables secure encryption and digital signatures by using a pair of mathematically linked keys: a public key for encryption and a private key for decryption. RSA's security relies on the computational difficulty of factoring large composite numbers into their prime factors.