Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Maswali ya Maudhui ya Kazi× | Kiwango cha Uchovu wa Kihisia× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Tabia ya Shirika | Tabia ya Shirika |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 1985 | 1981 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Robert A. Karasek | Christina Maslach and Susan E. Jackson |
| Aina | Self-report questionnaire | Self-report questionnaire |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Karasek, R. A., Jr. (1985). Job Content Questionnaire and user's guide. Los Angeles: University of Southern California Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering. link ↗ | Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 2(2), 99-113. DOI ↗ |
| Majina mbadala | JCQ, Karasek Strain Questionnaire | MBI-EE, Emotional Exhaustion Subscale |
| Zinazohusiana | 5 | 5 |
| Muhtasari≠ | The Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ), developed by Robert Karasek in 1985, operationalizes the Job Strain Model, a foundational theory linking job characteristics to health outcomes. The JCQ measures job demands, decision latitude (autonomy and skill utilization), social support, and physical exertion. It identifies high-strain jobs (high demands, low control)—the most hazardous combination—and supports research linking work organization to cardiovascular disease, mental health, and occupational disability. | The Emotional Exhaustion subscale is one of three core dimensions of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), developed by Maslach and Jackson in 1981. Emotional exhaustion represents the first stage of burnout, characterized by feeling emotionally drained, fatigued, and depleted as a result of work. The nine-item subscale measures the frequency of exhaustion, energy depletion, and tiredness. It is the strongest dimension of burnout, most closely predicting negative outcomes such as intent to leave, absenteeism, and health problems. |
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