Linganisha mbinu

	Utafiti wa Kesi Nyingi za Tafsiri	Nadharia Iliyoimarishwa ya Tafsiri
Nyanja	Mbinu za Kimaelezo	Mbinu za Kimaelezo
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1980s–1990s (Yin 1984; Stake 1995, 2006)	1967 (foundational); interpretivist articulation ~2000–2006
Mwanzilishi	Robert K. Yin (multiple case study design); Robert E. Stake (collective/interpretive case study)	Kathy Charmaz (interpretivist/constructivist strand); foundational grounded theory by Glaser & Strauss
Aina	Qualitative research design	Qualitative research methodology
Chanzo asilia	Yin, R. K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506336169	Charmaz, K. (2006). Constructing Grounded Theory: A Practical Guide Through Qualitative Analysis. Sage. ISBN: 978-0761973539
Majina mbadala	multi-site interpretive case study, collective case study, interpretive multi-case design, constructivist multiple case study	interpretivist grounded theory, constructivist grounded theory, IGT, grounded theory — interpretivist strand
Zinazohusiana	5	6
Muhtasari	Interpretive multiple case study is a qualitative research design in which the researcher studies two or more bounded cases in depth, using an interpretivist stance to understand how participants construct meaning within each setting. Rather than seeking law-like generalizations, it aims to generate rich, context-sensitive understanding that is then compared across cases to reveal patterns, contrasts, and theoretical insights.	Interpretive grounded theory is a qualitative methodology that builds substantive theory inductively from data while working from an interpretivist epistemological stance. Developed most fully by Kathy Charmaz, it holds that researcher and participant co-construct meaning, that categories are created rather than discovered, and that the resulting theory is one plausible account among others rather than an objective rendering of social reality.