Linganisha mbinu

	Ideological Constraint Analysis	Political Ideology Scaling
Nyanja	Saikolojia ya Siasa	Saikolojia ya Siasa
Familia	Latent structure	Latent structure
Mwaka wa asili	1964	1985
Mwanzilishi	Philip E. Converse	Keith Poole & Howard Rosenthal
Aina	Belief-system structure analysis	Latent ideal-point model
Chanzo asilia	Converse, P. E. (1964). The nature of belief systems in mass publics. In D. E. Apter (Ed.), Ideology and Discontent (pp. 206-261). New York: Free Press. ISBN: 9780029006702	Poole, K. T., & Rosenthal, H. (1985). A spatial model for legislative roll call analysis. American Journal of Political Science, 29(2), 357-384.
Majina mbadala	Belief System Constraint, Attitude Constraint Analysis, Issue Consistency Analysis	NOMINATE, Ideal Point Estimation, IRT Ideology Scaling, Spatial Voting Scaling
Zinazohusiana	4	4
Muhtasari	Ideological constraint analysis measures the degree to which an individual's or a public's political attitudes hang together in a coherent, predictable structure, the extent to which knowing a person's position on one issue lets you predict their positions on others. Introduced by Converse (1964) as the defining feature of a belief system, it is assessed through inter-item correlations, factor/latent-dimension models, and constraint indices.	Political ideology scaling estimates actors' positions on one or more latent ideological dimensions from their observed choices, most often legislators' roll-call votes, but also survey responses and donations. The dominant methods are Poole and Rosenthal's NOMINATE (1985) and the Bayesian item-response-theory (IRT) approach of Clinton, Jackman and Rivers (2004), which place legislators and the proposals they vote on in a common spatial map.