Linganisha mbinu

	Uchambuzi wa Kihisabati	Uchanganuzi wa Mihadhara Muhimu
Nyanja	Mbinu za Uwandani	Mbinu za Kimaelezo
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	19th–20th century (Schleiermacher ~1819; Dilthey ~1883; Gadamer 1960; Ricoeur 1969)	Late 1970s–1990s (systematised ~1979–1995)
Mwanzilishi	Friedrich Schleiermacher; Wilhelm Dilthey; Hans-Georg Gadamer; Paul Ricoeur	Norman Fairclough; Teun A. van Dijk; Ruth Wodak
Aina	Qualitative interpretive method	Qualitative research method
Chanzo asilia	Gadamer, H.-G. (1975). Truth and Method (G. Barden & J. Cumming, Trans.). Seabury Press. (Original work published 1960 as Wahrheit und Methode). ISBN: 978-0826400185	Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and Social Change. Polity Press.
Majina mbadala	hermeneutics, hermeneutical interpretation, interpretive hermeneutics, philosophical hermeneutics	CDA, Critical Linguistics, Discourse-Historical Approach, Dialectical-Relational Analysis
Zinazohusiana	6	6
Muhtasari	Hermeneutic analysis is a qualitative interpretive method for uncovering the meaning of texts, documents, spoken discourse, or human actions. Rooted in 19th-century biblical and legal scholarship and systematised by Schleiermacher, Dilthey, Gadamer, and Ricoeur, it operates through the hermeneutic circle: the meaning of a part is understood through the whole, and the meaning of the whole is revised as parts are interpreted. The goal is not to measure or code, but to achieve a deepening, dialogic understanding of the object of interpretation.	Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is a qualitative method that examines how language in texts and talk constructs, sustains, and challenges relations of power, ideology, and social inequality. Drawing on linguistics, social theory, and critical philosophy, CDA treats discourse not merely as communication but as social practice — a site where dominance is reproduced and where resistance can be articulated. Developed in the late twentieth century by Norman Fairclough, Teun van Dijk, and Ruth Wodak, among others, CDA is applied to political speeches, media texts, policy documents, educational materials, and institutional interactions.