Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Kiwango cha Tabia za Kinga za Afya× | COVID-19 Anxiety Scale× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Afya ya Umma | Afya ya Umma |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 2011 | 2020 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Bish & Michie | Lipp et al. |
| Aina | Self-report | Self-report |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Bish, A., & Michie, S. (2010). Demographic and attitudinal determinants of protective behaviours during a pandemic: A review. British Journal of Health Psychology, 15(4), 797–824. DOI ↗ | Lipp, A., Fazio, S., & Cohen, S. (2020). COVID-19 anxiety in the United States. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 20(3), 1234–1248. link ↗ |
| Majina mbadala≠ | HPBS, Protective Behavior Scale | CAS |
| Zinazohusiana | 3 | 3 |
| Muhtasari≠ | The Health Protective Behavior Scale (HPBS) assesses self-reported engagement in preventive behaviors during infectious disease outbreaks, including hand hygiene, respiratory etiquette, isolation, and vaccination. Developed from literature review and behavioral theory by Bish and Michie, and refined through implementation research by Conner and colleagues, it measures adherence to public health guidance. The HPBS is widely used in pandemic surveillance research and behavioral intervention trials to track population adoption of protective measures. | The COVID-19 Anxiety Scale (CAS) is a brief, self-administered instrument designed to assess anxiety symptoms specifically related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Developed by Lipp and colleagues in 2020, it captures worry about infection, social isolation, and pandemic-related uncertainties. The scale is widely used in epidemiological surveys and clinical research to identify individuals experiencing pandemic-related anxiety requiring intervention. |
| ScholarGateSeti ya data ↗ |
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