Linganisha mbinu

	Educational Growth Curve Modeling	Mfumo wa Curve wa Kukuza kwa Kuficha (LGC)
Nyanja	Education	Takwimu
Familia	Regression model	Latent structure
Mwaka wa asili	1987	1990
Mwanzilishi	Anthony Bryk & Stephen Raudenbush; Judith Singer & John Willett	Meredith & Tisak
Aina	Longitudinal multilevel model of individual change	Latent variable / longitudinal growth model
Chanzo asilia	Singer, J. D., & Willett, J. B. (2003). Applied Longitudinal Data Analysis: Modeling Change and Event Occurrence. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 9780195152968	Meredith, W. & Tisak, J. (1990). Latent Curve Analysis. Psychometrika, 55(1), 107–122.
Majina mbadala	Latent Growth Curve Modeling in Education, Multilevel Growth Models for Achievement, Individual Growth Trajectory Analysis, Learning Trajectory Modeling	latent growth model, LGC, growth curve model, Gizil Büyüme Eğrisi Modeli
Zinazohusiana	4	5
Muhtasari	Educational growth curve modeling is a longitudinal multilevel technique for describing and explaining how individual students change over time on an outcome such as reading or mathematics achievement. Building on the hierarchical linear models framework formalized by Bryk and Raudenbush (1987) and the applied longitudinal treatment of Singer and Willett (2003), it fits each student a personal trajectory — an intercept and one or more slopes — and then models how those personal growth parameters vary across students and relate to learner characteristics, classrooms, and schools.	The latent growth curve model is a structural equation modelling approach introduced by Meredith and Tisak (1990) for analysing change over time. It treats each individual's starting point (intercept) and rate of change (slope) as latent variables, simultaneously estimating the average trajectory across the sample and the extent to which individuals differ in their own trajectories.