Linganisha mbinu

	GERD Health-Related Quality of Life Scale	Vigezo vya Utambuzi vya Rome IV kwa Ugonjwa wa Utumbo unaowashwawashwa
Nyanja	Gastroenterolojia	Gastroenterolojia
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1996	2016
Mwanzilishi	Velanovich, V., Zhang, Y., Hollis, J. B., et al.	Rome Foundation (multinational expert consensus)
Aina	Self-report	Diagnostic Criteria
Chanzo asilia	Velanovich, V., Zhang, Y., Hollis, J. B., Feldman, M. I., Sampliner, R., Guan, W., & Escamilla, C. (1996). Presenting symptoms and outcome measures in reflux esophagitis. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 41(10), 1865–1873.	Mearin, F., Lacy, B. E., Chang, L., et al. (2016). Bowel disorders. Gastroenterology. Published online June 2016 by the Rome Foundation.
Majina mbadala	GERD-HRQL, GERD-HRQoL	Rome IV IBS, Rome Criteria
Zinazohusiana	4	4
Muhtasari	The GERD Health-Related Quality of Life Scale (GERD-HRQL) is a concise, validated patient-reported outcome measure for assessing the symptomatic and functional impact of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Developed by Velanovich and colleagues in 1996, the 9-item GERD-HRQL measures heartburn frequency and severity, regurgitation, and impact on sleep and medication use. The scale is highly responsive to proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy and is widely used in GERD trials and clinical practice.	The Rome IV criteria are the internationally accepted diagnostic standard for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), published in 2016 by the Rome Foundation. These criteria define IBS as recurrent abdominal pain (≥1 day per week for ≥3 months) associated with altered bowel habits, without structural or biochemical abnormalities. IBS is subtyped into four patterns—IBS-constipation predominant (IBS-C), IBS-diarrhea predominant (IBS-D), IBS-mixed (IBS-M), and IBS-unclassified (IBS-U)—based on stool consistency patterns.