Linganisha mbinu

	Genome-wide association study	Uchambuzi wa eQTL
Nyanja	Bioinformatiki	Bioinformatiki
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2005–2007	2001 (term coined); widely adopted after 2005
Mwanzilishi	Klein et al. (age-related macular degeneration GWAS, 2005); landmark scale: Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (2007)	Ritsert C. Jansen & Jan-Peter Nap
Aina	Observational genomic association study	Association mapping method
Chanzo asilia	Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium. (2007). Genome-wide association study of 14,000 cases of seven common diseases and 3,000 shared controls. Nature, 447(7145), 661–678.	Jansen, R. C., & Nap, J.-P. (2001). Genetical genomics: the added value from segregation. Trends in Genetics, 17(7), 388–391.
Majina mbadala	GWAS, genome-wide association analysis, whole-genome association study, WGAS	eQTL mapping, expression QTL analysis, transcriptomic QTL analysis, eQTL study
Zinazohusiana	6	6
Muhtasari	A genome-wide association study (GWAS) systematically tests hundreds of thousands to millions of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the human genome for statistical association with a trait or disease. By comparing allele frequencies between cases and controls — or by regressing SNP genotypes on a quantitative phenotype — GWAS identifies genomic loci that harbor common genetic variants contributing to complex traits. Since its large-scale debut in 2007, GWAS has catalogued thousands of robust disease–variant associations across virtually every common human condition.	eQTL analysis identifies genomic loci (variants, typically SNPs) whose genotype statistically associates with variation in the expression level of one or more genes. By jointly profiling DNA-level variation and RNA-level expression in the same individuals, eQTL studies decode the regulatory grammar of the genome — revealing which variants control how much a gene is transcribed, in which tissues, and under what conditions.