Linganisha mbinu

	Kiwango cha Kujiamini kwa Ujumla	Kiwango cha Uaminifu wa Taasisi
Nyanja	Sosholojia ya Siasa	Sosholojia ya Siasa
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1956–1994	1975–2011
Mwanzilishi	Morris Rosenberg, Toshio Yamagishi	David Easton, Marc Hetherington, Pippa Norris
Aina	Self-report questionnaire	Self-report questionnaire
Chanzo asilia	Rosenberg, M. (1956). Misanthropy, political ideology, and political information. Public Opinion Quarterly, 20(2), 274-290.	Hetherington, M. J. (2005). Why trust matters: Declining political trust and the demise of American liberalism. Princeton University Press.
Majina mbadala	GTS, Trust in Strangers	ITS, Institutional Confidence Index
Zinazohusiana	5	4
Muhtasari	The Generalized Trust Scale measures an individual's propensity to trust people in general, particularly strangers with whom they have no direct relationship. Originally developed by Morris Rosenberg in 1956 and later refined by Toshio Yamagishi and colleagues, it has become foundational in research on social capital, civic participation, and intergroup relations.	The Institutional Trust Scale measures an individual's confidence and trust in formal political and social institutions including parliament, courts, police, media, and civil service. Distinct from generalized interpersonal trust, institutional trust reflects belief in the legitimacy, fairness, and effectiveness of formal organizations that structure governance and public life. Developed in political science by scholars including David Easton and Marc Hetherington, it is a key indicator of democratic health and governance legitimacy.