Linganisha mbinu

	Mfumo wa Fourier TGARCH	Mchambuko wa DCC-GARCH (Dynamic Conditional Correlation)
Nyanja	Ekonometriki	Ekonometriki
Familia	Regression model	Regression model
Mwaka wa asili	1994 / 2012	2002
Mwanzilishi	Zakoian (1994) for TGARCH; Enders and Lee (2012) for Fourier approximation framework	Robert F. Engle
Aina	Volatility model with asymmetric leverage and Fourier smooth breaks	Multivariate volatility model
Chanzo asilia	Zakoian, J.-M. (1994). Threshold heteroskedastic models. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 18(5), 931-955.	Engle, R. F. (2002). Dynamic conditional correlation: A simple class of multivariate generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity models. Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 20(3), 339-350.
Majina mbadala	Fourier TGARCH, Fourier Threshold GARCH, Fourier GJR-GARCH, smooth structural break TGARCH	DCC-GARCH, Dynamic Conditional Correlation GARCH, Engle DCC model, multivariate DCC
Zinazohusiana	5	5
Muhtasari	The Fourier TGARCH model extends the Threshold GARCH framework by embedding Fourier trigonometric terms in the conditional variance equation to capture smooth, gradual structural breaks in volatility dynamics. It jointly models asymmetric leverage effects — where negative shocks amplify volatility more than positive shocks of the same magnitude — and time-varying intercept shifts caused by unobserved structural change.	The DCC-GARCH model, introduced by Engle (2002), extends univariate GARCH to capture time-varying correlations between multiple financial time series. It decomposes the multivariate conditional covariance matrix into individual volatility processes and a dynamic correlation matrix, allowing correlations to fluctuate over time while remaining computationally tractable even with many series.