Linganisha mbinu

	Utafiti wa Maisha Kulingana na Mazingira ya Uga	Utafiti wa kifani
Nyanja	Mbinu za Kimaelezo	Mbinu za Kimaelezo
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1920s (Thomas & Znaniecki); systematised 1980s–1990s	1984 (seminal codification)
Mwanzilishi	W.I. Thomas and Florian Znaniecki (early sociological use); Robert Atkinson and Norman Denzin (methodological codification)	Robert K. Yin (systematised in Case Study Research, 1984)
Aina	Qualitative research design	Qualitative research design
Chanzo asilia	Atkinson, R. (1998). The Life Story Interview. Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761904786	Yin, R.K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506336169
Majina mbadala	life history method, biographical field research, life story research, field biography	Vaka Çalışması (Case Study), case study design, case study methodology
Zinazohusiana	6	5
Muhtasari	Field-based life history research is a qualitative design that combines sustained ethnographic fieldwork with in-depth biographical interviewing to reconstruct how individuals have experienced and given meaning to their lives within particular social, cultural, and historical contexts. Unlike archive-only biographical work, the field-based variant requires the researcher to be physically present in the participant's social world over time, gathering both spoken life stories and observational data from that world.	Case study research is a qualitative research design that investigates a specific phenomenon, individual, group, organisation, or event in depth within its real-world context. Systematised by Robert K. Yin in 1984, it supports single-case and multiple-case designs and draws on multiple data sources — interviews, observation, documents, and artefacts — to build a rich, contextualised account of a bounded unit.