Linganisha mbinu

	Feminist Identity Development Scale	Modern Sexism Scale
Nyanja	Gender Studies	Gender Studies
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1991	1995
Mwanzilishi	Adena Bargad and Janet Shibley Hyde	Janet K. Swim, Kathryn J. Aikin, Wayne S. Hall, and Barbara A. Hunter
Aina	Self-report developmental stage scale	Self-report attitude scale
Chanzo asilia	Bargad, A., & Hyde, J. S. (1991). Women's studies: A study of feminist identity development in women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 15(2), 181–201.	Swim, J. K., Aikin, K. J., Hall, W. S., & Hunter, B. A. (1995). Sexism and racism: Old-fashioned and modern prejudices. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68(2), 199–214.
Majina mbadala	FIDS, Feminist Identity Scale	MSS, Swim Modern Sexism Scale, Neosexism
Zinazohusiana	4	4
Muhtasari	The Feminist Identity Development Scale (FIDS), developed by Adena Bargad and Janet Hyde in 1991, is a 39-item self-report instrument that operationalises Downing and Roush's (1985) five-stage model of how women develop a feminist identity. Its five subscales correspond to the stages of passive acceptance, revelation, embeddedness-emanation, synthesis, and active commitment, capturing where a woman stands in the process of recognising and responding to sexism.	The Modern Sexism Scale, developed by Janet Swim and colleagues in 1995, distinguishes between old-fashioned (blatant) sexism and modern (subtle) sexism, paralleling work on old-fashioned versus modern racism. The accompanying Old-Fashioned Sexism Scale captures openly endorsed beliefs in women's inferiority and prescribed traditional roles, while the Modern Sexism Scale captures covert sexism expressed through denial of continuing discrimination, antagonism toward women's demands, and resentment of policies perceived as special favours.