Linganisha mbinu

	Elder Abuse Suspicion Index	Zarit Burden Interview
Nyanja	Social Gerontology	Social Gerontology
Familia	Process / pipeline	Latent structure
Mwaka wa asili	2008	1980
Mwanzilishi	Mark J. Yaffe, Christina Wolfson, Maxine Lithwick, Deborah Weiss (McGill University)	Steven H. Zarit, Karen E. Reever, Julie Bach-Peterson
Aina	Brief physician-administered abuse suspicion screen	Self-report caregiver burden scale
Chanzo asilia	Yaffe, M. J., Wolfson, C., Lithwick, M., & Weiss, D. (2008). Development and Validation of a Tool to Improve Physician Identification of Elder Abuse: The Elder Abuse Suspicion Index (EASI). Journal of Elder Abuse & Neglect, 20(3), 276-300.	Zarit, S. H., Reever, K. E., & Bach-Peterson, J. (1980). Relatives of the Impaired Elderly: Correlates of Feelings of Burden. The Gerontologist, 20(6), 649-655.
Majina mbadala	EASI, Elder Abuse Suspicion Index screen, EASI elder mistreatment screen	ZBI, Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview, Caregiver Burden Inventory (Zarit), Zarit Burden Scale
Zinazohusiana	3	3
Muhtasari	The Elder Abuse Suspicion Index (EASI) is a brief, six-item tool designed to help physicians and other clinicians raise — and act on — a suspicion of elder mistreatment among cognitively intact, community-dwelling older adults. Developed by Mark Yaffe and colleagues at McGill University and validated in a 2008 study, it consists of five questions asked of the patient (covering neglect and physical, psychological, financial, and sexual abuse) plus a sixth item recording the clinician's own observations. It takes under two minutes to administer. The EASI does not diagnose abuse; rather, a 'yes' on any of questions 2 through 6 signals that mistreatment may be present and that referral to social services, adult protective services, or further evaluation is warranted. It is one of the most widely used elder-abuse case-finding instruments in primary care.	The Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) is the most widely used self-report measure of caregiver burden — the physical, emotional, social, and financial strain experienced by people who care for an impaired older relative, most often someone with dementia. Originating in Steven Zarit, Karen Reever, and Julie Bach-Peterson's 1980 study of relatives of impaired elderly, the instrument asks caregivers to rate how often they feel a series of burdens, such as feeling that caregiving harms their health, social life, or finances, or that they could do a better job. The standard version has 22 items rated 0 (never) to 4 (nearly always), summing to a 0–88 total in which higher scores mean greater burden. Short forms (12-item) and a 4-item screen exist for quick assessment. The ZBI is a cornerstone of family-gerontology and dementia-care research and a routine outcome in caregiver-support interventions.