Linganisha mbinu

	Uchambuzi wa DuPont	Beneish M-Score: Kutambua Ulaghai wa Faida
Nyanja	Fedha	Fedha
Familia	Regression model	Regression model
Mwaka wa asili	2008	1999
Mwanzilishi	DuPont Corporation; Soliman	Messod Beneish
Aina	Profitability decomposition framework	Probabilistic forensic accounting model
Chanzo asilia	Soliman, M. T. (2008). The use of DuPont analysis by market participants. The Accounting Review, 83(3), 823–853.	Beneish, M. D. (1999). The detection of earnings manipulation. Financial Analysts Journal, 55(5), 24–36.
Majina mbadala	DuPont Decomposition, DuPont Identity, Return on Equity Decomposition, DuPont Analizi	Beneish Model, M-Score Model, Earnings Manipulation Score, Beneish M-Skoru
Zinazohusiana	2	3
Muhtasari	DuPont Analysis is a financial performance framework that decomposes Return on Equity (ROE) into three multiplicative components: net profit margin, asset turnover, and the equity multiplier. Originally developed by engineers at DuPont Corporation in the early 1920s, the method gained renewed academic prominence through Soliman (2008), who demonstrated that market participants exploit DuPont decompositions to forecast future earnings and to distinguish sustainable from transient profitability.	The Beneish M-Score is a statistical model developed by Messod Beneish in 1999 to identify whether a company has manipulated its reported earnings. The model combines eight financial-statement ratios into a single composite score using coefficients estimated from a probit regression on a sample of detected earnings manipulators. A score above −2.22 indicates a heightened probability of manipulation, making the M-Score a widely used tool in forensic accounting and investment due-diligence.