Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Crime Displacement and Diffusion Analysis× | Crime Mapping× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Criminology | Criminology |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 2003 | 2005 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Kate Bowers & Shane Johnson | Rachel Boba Santos, Spencer Chainey & Jerry Ratcliffe (modern synthesis) |
| Aina≠ | Quasi-experimental spatial impact assessment of crime prevention | Geographic information analysis of crime locations |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Bowers, K. J., & Johnson, S. D. (2003). Measuring the geographical displacement and diffusion of benefit effects of crime prevention activity. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 19(3), 275–301. DOI ↗ | Boba Santos, R. (2017). Crime Analysis with Crime Mapping (4th ed.). SAGE Publications. ISBN: 9781506331034 |
| Majina mbadala | Crime Displacement Analysis, Diffusion of Benefits Analysis, Weighted Displacement Quotient, WDQ Analysis | Geographic Crime Analysis, Crime Cartography, GIS Crime Mapping, Spatial Crime Analysis |
| Zinazohusiana | 4 | 4 |
| Muhtasari≠ | Displacement and diffusion analysis evaluates what happens around a crime-prevention intervention: does crime simply move to nearby areas, times, or targets (displacement), or do the benefits spill over so that crime also falls in surrounding untreated areas (diffusion of benefits)? Bowers and Johnson's weighted displacement quotient (WDQ) provides a simple, widely used metric that compares pre/post crime change in a target area, a surrounding buffer, and a control area. | Crime mapping is the practice of geocoding crime incidents to their locations and using geographic information systems (GIS) to visualize and analyze where crime concentrates. It spans simple pin maps, area-based choropleth maps, and continuous density surfaces, and underpins the geographic side of modern crime analysis — from CompStat briefings to problem-oriented policing. |
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