Linganisha mbinu

	Utafiti wa Kulinganisha wa Utafiti wa Uhusiano wa Epigenome-Wide	Genome-wide association study
Nyanja	Bioinformatiki	Bioinformatiki
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2009–2011	2005–2007
Mwanzilishi	Rakyan, Down, Balding & Beck (2011); Irizarry group for differential methylation methods (~2009–2014)	Klein et al. (age-related macular degeneration GWAS, 2005); landmark scale: Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (2007)
Aina	Comparative epigenome-wide analysis	Observational genomic association study
Chanzo asilia	Rakyan, V. K., Down, T. A., Balding, D. J., & Beck, S. (2011). Epigenome-wide association studies for common human diseases. Nature Reviews Genetics, 12(8), 529–541.	Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium. (2007). Genome-wide association study of 14,000 cases of seven common diseases and 3,000 shared controls. Nature, 447(7145), 661–678.
Majina mbadala	Differential EWAS, comparative EWAS, epigenome-wide differential methylation analysis, EWAS differential design	GWAS, genome-wide association analysis, whole-genome association study, WGAS
Zinazohusiana	6	6
Muhtasari	A Differential Epigenome-Wide Association Study (Differential EWAS) scans hundreds of thousands of CpG methylation sites across the genome to identify those whose methylation levels differ significantly between two or more comparison groups — such as cases vs. controls, exposed vs. unexposed, or distinct developmental stages. It is the standard epigenomic analogue of a differential expression analysis but operates at the level of DNA methylation marks rather than RNA counts.	A genome-wide association study (GWAS) systematically tests hundreds of thousands to millions of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the human genome for statistical association with a trait or disease. By comparing allele frequencies between cases and controls — or by regressing SNP genotypes on a quantitative phenotype — GWAS identifies genomic loci that harbor common genetic variants contributing to complex traits. Since its large-scale debut in 2007, GWAS has catalogued thousands of robust disease–variant associations across virtually every common human condition.