Linganisha mbinu

	Njia ya Kumbukumbu	Utafiti
Nyanja	Metodolojia ya Dodoso	Metodolojia ya Dodoso
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1920s–1940s (systematised by Allport, 1942)	Late 19th century; systematic social-science use from 1940s
Mwanzilishi	Gordon Allport (systematic social-science use); Nels Anderson (early fieldwork diaries)	Francis Galton, Charles Booth, and early social statisticians; formalised by Paul Lazarsfeld in the 1940s
Aina	Qualitative / mixed-methods data-collection technique	Quantitative (primarily) or mixed-methods data-collection instrument
Chanzo asilia	Alaszewski, A. (2006). Using Diaries for Social Research. Sage. ISBN: 978-0761941415	Dillman, D. A., Smyth, J. D., & Christian, L. M. (2014). Internet, Phone, Mail, and Mixed-Mode Surveys: The Tailored Design Method (4th ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-1118456149
Majina mbadala	diary study, diary technique, self-report diary, daily diary method	questionnaire survey, survey research, self-report survey, questionnaire study
Zinazohusiana	5	6
Muhtasari	The diary method is a data-collection technique in which participants record their thoughts, behaviours, events, or experiences in their own words at regular or event-contingent intervals over a defined study period. By capturing data close in time to the event, diaries reduce retrospective recall bias and give researchers access to the texture of everyday life as it unfolds — something one-off surveys and retrospective interviews cannot provide.	A survey is a systematic data-collection method in which a standardised set of questions is posed to a sample of respondents to measure attitudes, behaviours, demographics, or other constructs. Surveys can be administered via paper, telephone, online platforms, or face-to-face. They are among the most widely used instruments in social, behavioural, health, and educational research because they can reach large, geographically dispersed samples at relatively low cost.