Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Uundaji wa Uhakiki wa Maamuzi katika Uchumi wa Afya× | Mwaka wa Maisha Uliorekebishwa kwa Ubora (QALY)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Uchumi wa Afya | Uchumi wa Afya |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 1975 | 1985 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Pauker & Kassirer (medical decision analysis, Massachusetts General Hospital) | Alan Williams (Health Economics Research Centre, Oxford University) |
| Aina | Method | Method |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Pauker, S. G., & Kassirer, J. P. (1975). Therapeutic Decision Making: A Cost-Benefit Analysis. New England Journal of Medicine, 293(5), 229-234. DOI ↗ | Kind, P. (1989). The EuroQol instrument: an index of health-related quality of life. In B. Teeling Smith (Ed.), Measuring health: a practical approach. Chichester: Wiley. link ↗ |
| Majina mbadala≠ | decision analysis, decision tree, decision model, health economic model | QALY, health utility measure |
| Zinazohusiana | 5 | 5 |
| Muhtasari≠ | Decision analytic modeling is a systematic framework for comparing health interventions by integrating evidence on probabilities, outcomes, costs, and patient preferences into a quantitative model. Developed by Pauker and Kassirer in 1975, decision analysis structures clinical uncertainty and economic trade-offs, enabling transparent comparison of treatment options and identification of optimal strategies. Used in health technology assessment, clinical practice guideline development, and resource allocation decisions. | A QALY measures health benefit as utility weight (0 = death, 1 = perfect health) multiplied by time lived. Developed by Alan Williams in 1985, QALYs enable comparison of disparate health interventions on a common metric. Used globally by health technology assessment bodies—NICE (UK), HAS (France), CADTH (Canada), WHO—to decide which treatments deserve public funding. |
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